Coal crusher



June 30, 1936. w. J. ARMSTRONG COAL CRUSHER Original Filed Nov.. 2, 1926Patented June 30,l 1936 UNITED .STATES com. clmsrma Walter`L'ilx'rnstrong,.(loliliinilms, Ohio, assignor to The JeffreyManufacturing Company Application November 2, 1926, Serial No. 145,830Renewed March 8, 1934 I 12 Claims.

- The present invention relates to certain new and useful improvementsin coal crushers of the class adapted to the reduction of relativelylarge fragments of. coal to a uniformly ne product of predetermined sizeat a single operation, by the co-operation of a toothed roller and astationary concave breaker plate.

As heretofore constructed, machines oi the class described havepossessed certain inherent defects whereby an appreciable amount ofoversized material escapes from the crushing machine with the nishedproduct.

It is the especial object of this inventionto provide an improvedarrangement of parts whereby is secured greater uniformity of productwith'- out curtailing the capacity of the machine.

The means whereby I attain this object are fully set forth in thefollowing specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawingof which Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a coal crushing' machine equippedwith the devices of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a general plan view of the machine illustrated in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line HIC-III of Fig. 2.

yformed the journal hearings 2 and 3, and the sur- `mounting hopperportion for receiving the charge. In th bearings 2 and 3 are mounted theparallel horizontal shafts t and 5 respectively. To one of theprojecting ends of the shaft il' is iixed a pulley t adapted to beconnected by a suitable belt with any suitable and convenient source ofrotating power to actuate the crushing machine. To the oppositev end ofthe shaft it is xed a spur pinion i which engages With the spur gear tattached to the projecting end of the shaft t. Mounted upon the shaft tis the' crushing roll t upon the periphery of which is formed crushingteeth it, the size and arrangement oi which is such that the interveningspaces have no dimension grear than the largest permissible fragments ofthe product. At the upper forward parts of the main frame l is fixed ahorizontal shaft ii upon which is pivotally supported a concave breakerplate i2, the lower end of which is adjustably heid by the eye ylooltsit in close proximity with the topsof the crushing teeth ill to form,between the roll and the breaker plate, a. downwardly tapering passagethrough which the coal may be drawn by the pass the long teeth i5.

revolution of the roll to be crushed thereby. At the lower edge of thebreaker plate I2 there is provided a shoe i4 formed of relatively hardma terial adapted to withstand the abrasive action of the coal as itpasses through the crushing 5 passage, and which may be readily renewedwhen I worn. I

When relatively large lumps of coal are fed to the machine therelatively small crushing' teeth iii are unable to drag them into thecrush- 10 ing passage, and such fragments tend to roll upon the surfaceof the crushing` roll 9 without being broken thereby. 'Io insure thebreaking up of such large pieces of coal, and their passage through themachine, I have provided, alfinter- 15 vals upon the surface of theroll, relatively. long hook shaped teeth i5 adapted to engage the largelumps of .coal and drag them downwardly into the machine to be crushedthereby. In order that these longer teeth i5 may pass the breaker plate20 i2 without allowing the escape of oversized fragments of coal withthe product, I have formed in the shoe it, at the lower part of thebreaker plate, grooves it arranged to register with and As heretoforeconstruct 25 ed, the side walls of the grooves i6 have been parallelaffording only a running clearance for the lpassage of the long teeth.When crushing certain kinds of relatively hard coal, relatively long andthin slabs and splinters of coal, presented edgewise to the grooves,have passed throughpwithout being broken, thereby mingling with theproduct, a considerable proportion oi fragments having dimensionsgreater than the predetermined maximum limits.

According to thespecific embodiment loi the present invention as shownin the drawing, the grooves it have an initial imperforate portion andthe side walls oi the grooves diverge rear-s wardly. The imperforategroove portions are followed by portions which are interrupted by slotsit which pass completely through theshoe or plate. Between the slots thegrooved side walls are forwardly convergent so as to provide shearingedges or abutments i9. Slots it' ex- 45 tend completely across thegrooves'and each slot, in one direction, is continued into the interadiate plate portion to lprovide a screen opening in association with theshort teeth of the roll. As here shown, the slots are alternately thusextended in'opposite directions so that the plate portions between thegrooves is given a zig-zag conformation. Each slot is followed by abottom abutment edge and lateral abutment edges which lie in the samegenerally radial plane. 55

In the operation of the machine, oversize fragments carried into thegrooves by the. long teeth of the closure roll engage the abutment edgesand are consequently crushed, the crushed fragments passing through thescreen openings in 60 als in the plate portions between the grooves.

It is Ato be understood that I do not limit myself to the preciseconstruction here shown since the parts may be subject to wide variationas to details without departure from. the spiritof my invention.

What I claim is: e

1. In a machine of the-'class described,the.com

bination with a crushing'roll having relatively small crushing teeth andrelatively long feeding teeth, of a breaker plate positioned adjacentsaid roll and-forming therewith a downwardly tapering passage throughwhich material may pass to be crushed, grooves in the breaker plateadapted to register with and pass the feeding teeth, and slots extendingthrough the breaker plate and transversely of said grooves adapted topass fragmentsgof predetermined dimensions .as i and for `the purposeset forth. y 2. In a machine of the class described, the

combination with a crushing roll having relatively small crushing teethand relatively long feeding teeth, of a breaker plate positionedadjacent said roll and forming therewith a` downwardly tapering passagethrough which material may pass to be crushed, grooves in the breaker'saidbreaker plate concentric with said roll adjacent the crushing teeth,grooves in said extension adapted to pass the crushing teethandelongated apertures extending through said ex. tension and transverselyof said grooves adapted to pass fragments ofy predetermined dimensionsas and for the purpose set forth.

v 4. In a machine of the` class described, a breaker plate havingparallel grooves and escape apertures, said apertures being in the formof through slots extending across the grooves from points outside thegrooves and' providing bottom and side abutment edges in thegrooves.

5. In a machine of the class described. 'a breaker platehaving parallelgrooves, each groove having transverselyextending escape openings offsettherefrom in alternate directions, the openings at one side of onegroove extending between the openings at one side of the adjacent grooveto form a zig-zag intermediate wall element.

' 6. In a machine of the class described, the 00mb ination with a rotarycrushing roll having relatively small crushing teeth and relativelylong. feeding teeth, of crushing and screening means for cooperationwith said roll; said means comprising a substantially imperforateportion. disposed adjacent the bottom of the roll and pro\ dedv withgrooves in the rotational paths of said feeding teeth,"and a perforateportion to the rearv of s'aid imperforate portion in the rotationaldirection of the roll, saidperforate portion beingeh'aracterized byslots extending in the axial direction e O the grooves, Material carriedoverthe plate by the short teeth falls through the screen openings ofthe rotor and having grooves forming' continuations of the grooves ofthe imperforate portion and. interrupted by said slots.

7. In. a machine ,of .the class described, the

'combination with arotary crushingroll having relatively small'crushingteeth and relatively long feeding teeth, of crushing and screening meansfor cooperation with said roll; said means com- `i prising asubstantially imperforate portion4 disposedadjacent the bottom of theroll and provided with grooves in the rotational paths of said feedingteeth, and a periorate portion to the rear of saidimpertorate portion inthe rotational di- -rection'ofV the roll,said perforate portion beingcharacterised by slots extending in the axial direction of the rotor andhaving grooves forming continuations of the grooves of the imperforateportion-and--interrupted by said slots, the groove portions intermediatesaid slots having rearwardly diverged -side walls;V

8. A. breaker plate for crushing machines provided with a plurality ofspaced-apart diverging grooves, a plurality of series of shorterdiverging grooves each series in alignment with one of the first namedgrooves, and an abutment at the beginning of each of. said shortergrooves.

9. In -a machine oi' the class described, a rotor having short and. longteeth and breaker means cooperative` with saidrotor, saidbreaker meanshaving grooves therein in which the-long vteeth Y of the rotor arereceived, said breaker means having through slots extending entirely.across the bottom of'sauid groovesl and providing abutment edges forcooperation with saidlong teeth, said v slots serving'as means for .theescape of material from theureducing monaci the machine..

10. In a machine of the class described, a rotor having short and longteeth and .breaker means cooperative with'said rotor,.said breaker`means having .portion-s;v for cooperationwi-th the short teeth separatedby depressed ways-in which the long teethgarereceived, said ways beinginterseeted by threughlslen extending in the axial d1- rectionof therotor, said slots having edges which serve as side and bottom abutmentmeans for cooperation with said long-teethA and the slots serving asmeans for-the-escape of material from the reducing zone .of `themachine.

11. In a crusher, the combination with a housing, of .a rotary crusherroll therein having there` on long and short teeth,A a yieldable breakerplate having grooves for-the long teeth, a screening device comprisinggrooves -for said long teeth with screen openings in the bottoms thereofand screen plate portions between said grooves, and

shearing abutmentsf in th'egrooves vto cooperate with the long-'teeth tupulverize material for passage .throughthe screen .openings in thevbottoms of saidgrooveae.

- 12 Af crusher and afscreeu4 device comprising a :'memberfhavingan-'arcuate-groove adapted to receive'a crusher tooth, the side walls of.said groove being provided-.with .substantially radial shearingabutments'in position to coact with said, tooth, the -bott om-.of saidgroove having transverse shearing abutments with shearing edgessubstantiallyin the planes of the shearing.

' edges of the first namedshearing abutments, 'the bottom ,of saidgroove havingv screen openings bounded-rearwardly, as regards-thedirection ofV movement of the crusher tooth-bygsaidgtran verse. shearingabutlnerxtsi.,v

